Modulating power is anchored by maximum power and the maximum modulating power. Variable-displacement unloading uses exponent 2; modulation unloading uses exponent 1.

\begin{equation}\label{eq:load-unload-max-mod-power} P_{max,mod} = f_{P,FL}P_{max} \end{equation}

\begin{equation}\label{eq:load-unload-mod-power} P_{mod} = (P_{max} - P_{max,mod})\left(\frac{Q}{Q_{FL}}\right)^m + P_{max,mod} \end{equation}

Symbols

\(P_{max,mod}\)	Maximum modulating power floor \([\unit{ \kilo\watt}]\)
\(f_{P,FL}\)	Full-load power fraction used for modulation \([\unit{ \unitless}]\)
\(P_{max}\)	Maximum package power \([\unit{ \kilo\watt}]\)
\(P_{mod}\)	Modulation-stage package power \([\unit{ \kilo\watt}]\)
\(Q\)	Airflow demand represented by the curve point \([\unit{ \acfm}]\)
\(Q_{FL}\)	Full-load airflow \([\unit{ \acfm}]\)
\(m\)	Modulation exponent, 1 for modulation and 2 for variable displacement \([\unit{ \unitless}]\)